In the context of stress physiology, if a nurse observes that a provider frequently arrives to the unit with bloodshot eyes, which of the following is the most likely explanation for this physical symptom?

• A. This symptom is most commonly caused by dehydration from excessive exercise.
• B. The provider may be experiencing chronic stress, leading to sleep disturbances and fatigue.
• C. Bloodshot eyes are a definitive indicator of high blood pressure only.
• D. Bloodshot eyes are a typical sign of acute allergic reactions unrelated to stress.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the context of the problem, which is stress physiology and its physical manifestations in individuals, such as bloodshot eyes.
2. Step 2: Recognize that bloodshot eyes can have multiple causes, including dehydration, allergies, high blood pressure, and stress-related factors like sleep disturbances.
3. Step 3: Evaluate each option by linking the symptom (bloodshot eyes) to the most plausible cause within the context of stress physiology, focusing on how chronic stress affects the body.
4. Step 4: Recall that chronic stress often leads to sleep disturbances and fatigue, which can cause physical symptoms such as bloodshot eyes due to tiredness and eye strain.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the most likely explanation for bloodshot eyes in this context is chronic stress leading to sleep disturbances and fatigue, rather than dehydration, high blood pressure, or allergies.