In the context of AP Psychology, which of the following best defines a mental set?

• A. A tendency to approach problems using strategies that have worked in the past
• B. The inability to see a problem from a new perspective
• C. A sudden realization of a problem's solution
• D. A mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the concept of a 'mental set' in psychology. It refers to a cognitive framework or approach that influences how a person solves problems based on previous experiences.
2. Step 2: Recognize that a mental set involves using strategies or methods that have been successful in the past when facing new problems.
3. Step 3: Differentiate a mental set from other related concepts: for example, 'inability to see a problem from a new perspective' is related but more specifically called 'functional fixedness.'
4. Step 4: Note that 'a sudden realization of a problem's solution' describes an 'insight,' which is different from a mental set.
5. Step 5: Understand that 'a mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people' refers to a 'concept' or 'schema,' not a mental set.