Which of the following best describes psychoanalysis, Freud's therapeutic technique for analyzing unconscious conflicts?

• A. A behavioral approach that focuses on observable actions and reinforcement.
• B. A humanistic approach that centers on self-actualization and personal growth.
• C. A cognitive therapy that emphasizes changing maladaptive thought patterns.
• D. A method that uses free association and dream analysis to uncover unconscious thoughts and feelings.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that psychoanalysis is a therapeutic technique developed by Sigmund Freud aimed at exploring unconscious conflicts that influence behavior.
2. Recognize that psychoanalysis involves methods such as free association, where patients speak freely to reveal hidden thoughts, and dream analysis, which interprets dreams to uncover unconscious desires and feelings.
3. Differentiate psychoanalysis from other psychological approaches: behavioral therapy focuses on observable behaviors and reinforcement; humanistic therapy emphasizes self-actualization and personal growth; cognitive therapy targets changing maladaptive thought patterns.
4. Identify that the key feature of psychoanalysis is its focus on uncovering unconscious material through techniques that allow insight into hidden conflicts, rather than directly modifying behavior or thoughts.
5. Conclude that the best description of psychoanalysis is the method that uses free association and dream analysis to uncover unconscious thoughts and feelings.