Which of the following individuals is most likely exhibiting symptoms of narcissistic personality disorder?

• A. A person who has difficulty forming close relationships due to intense fear of abandonment.
• B. A person who has frequent panic attacks and avoids situations that might trigger anxiety.
• C. A person who experiences persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in activities they once enjoyed.
• D. A person who consistently exaggerates their achievements, expects special treatment, and lacks empathy for others.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the core features of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD). NPD is characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), a constant need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others.
2. Step 2: Review each option and identify key symptoms. For example, difficulty forming close relationships due to fear of abandonment is more typical of Borderline Personality Disorder, while frequent panic attacks and avoidance relate to anxiety disorders.
3. Step 3: Recognize that persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest are hallmark symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder, not NPD.
4. Step 4: Focus on the description of someone who exaggerates achievements, expects special treatment, and lacks empathy. These traits align closely with the diagnostic criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the individual exhibiting grandiosity, entitlement, and lack of empathy is most likely showing symptoms of Narcissistic Personality Disorder.