In cognitive psychology, what is the best definition of latent learning as described in AP Psychology?

• A. Learning that is immediately observable through changes in behavior after conditioning
• B. Learning that results from direct punishment or negative consequences
• C. Learning that only occurs through repeated trial and error with reinforcement after each attempt
• D. Learning that occurs without immediate reinforcement and is not demonstrated until there is motivation to do so

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the concept of latent learning in cognitive psychology, which refers to learning that happens without any immediate observable change in behavior.
2. Step 2: Recognize that latent learning differs from learning that is directly reinforced or punished, as it does not require immediate reinforcement or consequences to occur.
3. Step 3: Note that latent learning becomes evident only when there is a motivation or reason for the individual to demonstrate what they have learned.
4. Step 4: Compare the given options to identify which one aligns with this definition, focusing on the idea that learning occurs without immediate reinforcement and is shown later when motivated.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the best definition of latent learning is the one describing learning that occurs without immediate reinforcement and is not demonstrated until there is motivation to do so.