Three of the following ideas are integral parts of social cognitive theory. Which one is NOT?

• A. Reciprocal determinism
• B. Observational learning
• C. Classical conditioning
• D. Self-efficacy

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the core components of Social Cognitive Theory, which was developed by Albert Bandura. It emphasizes the role of observational learning, reciprocal determinism, and self-efficacy in human behavior.
2. Step 2: Define Reciprocal Determinism as the dynamic and reciprocal interaction of person, environment, and behavior, which is a fundamental concept in Social Cognitive Theory.
3. Step 3: Recognize Observational Learning as learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others, another key element of Social Cognitive Theory.
4. Step 4: Understand Self-Efficacy as the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations, which Bandura identified as crucial in Social Cognitive Theory.
5. Step 5: Identify Classical Conditioning as a learning process that involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response, which is a concept from Behaviorism, not Social Cognitive Theory.