Which physical effect is most commonly associated with acute stress?

• A. Long-term immune suppression
• B. Increased heart rate
• C. Gradual weight loss over months
• D. Chronic muscle atrophy

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of acute stress: Acute stress is a short-term physiological response to an immediate perceived threat or challenge.
2. Recall the common physical effects of acute stress, which are part of the 'fight or flight' response activated by the sympathetic nervous system.
3. Identify that increased heart rate is a direct and immediate physical effect of acute stress, as the body prepares to respond quickly to danger.
4. Differentiate acute stress effects from long-term effects such as immune suppression, gradual weight loss, or chronic muscle atrophy, which are associated with chronic stress.
5. Conclude that among the options, increased heart rate is the most commonly associated physical effect with acute stress.