According to Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory, what is the defining characteristic of formal operational thought?

• A. Egocentric thinking and difficulty understanding others' perspectives
• B. The ability to think abstractly and systematically about hypothetical situations
• C. Mastery of object permanence and basic symbolic representation
• D. Reliance on concrete, hands-on experiences for problem solving

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the stage in Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory that corresponds to formal operational thought, which is the final stage in his model.
2. Recall that each stage in Piaget's theory is characterized by specific cognitive abilities and ways of thinking that develop as children grow.
3. Understand that the formal operational stage typically begins around age 11 and continues into adulthood, marking a shift from concrete to more advanced thinking.
4. Recognize that the defining characteristic of formal operational thought is the ability to think abstractly and systematically, including reasoning about hypothetical and future situations.
5. Contrast this with earlier stages, such as the preoperational and concrete operational stages, which involve egocentric thinking, mastery of object permanence, and reliance on concrete experiences.