Why is the release of epinephrine important to the stress response?

• A. It suppresses the immune system to prevent inflammation during stress.
• B. It causes the body to relax and return to a baseline state after stress.
• C. It triggers physiological changes such as increased heart rate and energy mobilization, preparing the body for 'fight or flight'.
• D. It directly increases serotonin levels to improve mood during stressful events.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone released by the adrenal glands during the body's stress response.
2. Recognize that the release of epinephrine activates the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body to respond to a perceived threat.
3. Identify the physiological changes triggered by epinephrine, such as increased heart rate, dilation of airways, and mobilization of energy stores (like glucose) to provide immediate energy.
4. Note that these changes collectively prepare the body for the 'fight or flight' response, enabling quick and effective reactions to stressors.
5. Distinguish this role from other options, such as immune suppression or mood regulation, which are not the primary functions of epinephrine in the stress response.