Which of the following best describes the main distinction between implicit and explicit biases in cognitive psychology?

• A. Implicit biases are learned in adulthood, while explicit biases are formed in childhood.
• B. Implicit biases are unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions, while explicit biases are conscious beliefs and attitudes that we can deliberately report.
• C. Implicit biases are always positive, whereas explicit biases are always negative.
• D. Implicit biases only influence behavior in group settings, while explicit biases only influence individual decision-making.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the definitions of implicit and explicit biases in cognitive psychology. Implicit biases are unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that influence our perceptions and actions without our awareness.
2. Step 2: Recognize that explicit biases are conscious beliefs and attitudes that individuals are aware of and can intentionally report or express.
3. Step 3: Compare the nature of these biases: implicit biases operate automatically and unconsciously, while explicit biases involve deliberate and conscious thought processes.
4. Step 4: Evaluate the options given in the problem by matching them against these definitions and characteristics of implicit and explicit biases.
5. Step 5: Identify the option that correctly states that implicit biases are unconscious and affect understanding and behavior without awareness, whereas explicit biases are conscious and can be deliberately reported.