What is the primary purpose of defense mechanisms in the context of stress according to psychological theory?

• A. To protect the individual from anxiety and emotional discomfort by unconsciously distorting reality
• B. To increase conscious awareness of stressful events and promote rational problem-solving
• C. To eliminate all sources of stress from the environment
• D. To encourage direct confrontation of fears and anxieties at all times

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that defense mechanisms are psychological strategies used by the unconscious mind to protect an individual from anxiety and emotional discomfort.
2. Recognize that these mechanisms work by distorting or denying reality in some way, which helps reduce the immediate emotional impact of stress.
3. Note that defense mechanisms operate unconsciously, meaning the individual is typically unaware that they are using these strategies.
4. Differentiate defense mechanisms from conscious coping strategies, which involve deliberate efforts to manage stress, such as problem-solving or confronting fears.
5. Conclude that the primary purpose of defense mechanisms is to protect the individual from anxiety and emotional discomfort by unconsciously distorting reality, rather than increasing conscious awareness or eliminating stressors directly.