Which of the following conditions is not typically caused by alcohol consumption?

• A. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
• B. Alcoholic liver disease
• C. Schizophrenia
• D. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the effects of alcohol consumption on the body and brain. Alcohol can cause a range of physical and neurological conditions due to its toxic effects and impact on brain chemistry.
2. Step 2: Review the conditions listed and their relationship to alcohol: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder results from prenatal alcohol exposure; Alcoholic liver disease is caused by chronic alcohol use damaging the liver; Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a neurological disorder linked to thiamine deficiency often seen in heavy drinkers.
3. Step 3: Identify schizophrenia as a mental disorder characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking, which is primarily considered to have genetic and neurodevelopmental origins rather than being caused by alcohol consumption.
4. Step 4: Conclude that schizophrenia is not typically caused by alcohol consumption, unlike the other conditions listed which have a direct causal link to alcohol use.
5. Step 5: Summarize that understanding the etiology of each condition helps differentiate those caused by alcohol from those that are not, reinforcing the importance of distinguishing between correlation and causation in psychological disorders.