Simplify each expression. See Example 1. (5x²y) (-3x³y⁴)
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Identify the expression to simplify: \((5x^{2}y)(-3x^{3}y^{4})\).
Apply the associative property of multiplication to group the coefficients and the variables separately: \((5 \times -3)(x^{2} \times x^{3})(y \times y^{4})\).
Multiply the coefficients: \(5 \times -3 = -15\).
Use the product of powers property for the variables with the same base: \(x^{2} \times x^{3} = x^{2+3} = x^{5}\) and \(y \times y^{4} = y^{1+4} = y^{5}\).
Combine all parts to write the simplified expression: \(-15x^{5}y^{5}\).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Multiplication of Monomials
Multiplying monomials involves multiplying their coefficients (numerical parts) and then applying the laws of exponents to variables with the same base. For example, (5x²y) × (-3x³y⁴) requires multiplying 5 and -3, then combining powers of x and y.
Determining Different Coordinates for the Same Point
Laws of Exponents
When multiplying variables with the same base, add their exponents. For instance, x² × x³ equals x^(2+3) = x⁵. This rule applies to all variables involved in the expression to simplify powers correctly.
When multiplying coefficients, consider their signs. Multiplying a positive number by a negative number results in a negative product. In the example, 5 × (-3) equals -15, which affects the overall sign of the simplified expression.