Baltes' theory of successful aging is based on which of the following premises?

• A. The idea that aging is primarily determined by genetic factors and cannot be influenced by lifestyle choices
• B. The selective optimization with compensation model, which suggests individuals adapt by focusing on strengths, optimizing abilities, and compensating for losses
• C. The premise that cognitive decline is inevitable and cannot be mitigated through intervention
• D. The belief that successful aging requires complete independence and avoidance of social support

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that Baltes' theory of successful aging emphasizes adaptive processes rather than fixed outcomes determined solely by genetics or inevitable decline.
2. Recognize that the core of Baltes' theory is the 'Selective Optimization with Compensation' (SOC) model, which explains how individuals manage aging by selecting important goals, optimizing their resources to achieve these goals, and compensating for losses or declines.
3. Identify that 'selection' involves focusing on specific areas or abilities that are most meaningful or achievable as one ages.
4. Understand that 'optimization' refers to the use of strategies and resources to enhance or maintain performance in these selected areas.
5. Acknowledge that 'compensation' involves finding alternative methods or aids to counteract declines or losses, allowing continued functioning despite challenges.