Which emotion is most commonly associated with unhealthy rumination and can contribute to the development of depression?

• A. Sadness
• B. Anticipation
• C. Surprise
• D. Joy

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of rumination in psychology: it refers to the repetitive and passive focus on symptoms of distress and the possible causes and consequences of these symptoms.
2. Recognize that unhealthy rumination often involves dwelling on negative emotions, which can exacerbate mental health issues such as depression.
3. Identify the emotions listed in the problem: Sadness, Anticipation, Surprise, and Joy, and consider which of these is typically linked to negative mood states and depressive symptoms.
4. Recall that sadness is a core emotion frequently associated with depression and is often the focus of rumination in individuals experiencing depressive episodes.
5. Conclude that sadness is the emotion most commonly linked to unhealthy rumination and the development of depression, as it involves persistent negative thinking about loss, failure, or distress.