In cognitive psychology, the analogical paradox refers to problem-solving differences between which of the following groups?

• A. People from different cultural backgrounds
• B. Individuals with high and low intelligence
• C. Laboratory participants and experts in real-world settings
• D. Children and adults

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the concept of the analogical paradox in cognitive psychology. It refers to a specific observation about how different groups solve problems using analogies.
2. Step 2: Identify the groups involved in the analogical paradox. The paradox highlights differences between laboratory participants (often novices) and experts working in real-world settings.
3. Step 3: Recognize that laboratory participants typically perform worse on analogical problem-solving tasks compared to experts, despite controlled conditions in the lab.
4. Step 4: Understand that experts use their domain knowledge and experience to recognize deeper structural similarities in problems, which laboratory participants often miss.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the analogical paradox contrasts problem-solving performance between laboratory participants and experts in real-world contexts, explaining why experts excel despite the controlled simplicity of lab tasks.