According to the principles of social learning theory in social psychology, which of the following best explains how individuals acquire new behaviors?

• A. By observing and imitating the actions of others, especially when those actions are rewarded
• B. By processing information solely through logical reasoning without influence from others
• C. By following innate biological instincts that are independent of social context
• D. By experiencing direct reinforcement or punishment for their own actions only

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that social learning theory emphasizes the role of observation and imitation in acquiring new behaviors, rather than relying solely on direct experience or innate instincts.
2. Recognize that individuals learn not only through their own actions and consequences but also by watching others, especially when those others receive rewards or punishments.
3. Identify that the key mechanism in social learning theory is modeling, where people observe behaviors performed by others and the outcomes of those behaviors.
4. Note that logical reasoning alone or innate biological instincts do not fully explain behavior acquisition in social learning theory, as social context and observed consequences are crucial.
5. Conclude that the best explanation for acquiring new behaviors according to social learning theory is through observing and imitating others, particularly when those behaviors are reinforced.