Which statement best describes the basic idea behind disengagement theory in developmental psychology?

• A. Older adults gradually withdraw from social roles and relationships as a natural part of aging.
• B. Cognitive decline in older adults is primarily due to biological factors rather than social changes.
• C. Older adults remain actively engaged in social activities to maintain their well-being.
• D. Personality traits remain stable throughout the lifespan, regardless of social involvement.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand that disengagement theory is a concept in developmental psychology that explains a typical pattern observed in aging individuals.
2. Step 2: Recognize that disengagement theory suggests older adults naturally reduce their social interactions and withdraw from social roles as they age.
3. Step 3: Compare the given statements to the core idea of disengagement theory, which emphasizes gradual withdrawal rather than active engagement or stability of personality traits.
4. Step 4: Identify that the statement 'Older adults gradually withdraw from social roles and relationships as a natural part of aging' aligns directly with the disengagement theory.
5. Step 5: Conclude that this statement best describes the basic idea behind disengagement theory, distinguishing it from other theories focusing on cognitive decline, active engagement, or personality stability.