In the study of the structure of language, the manipulating and transforming of information in memory is called:

• A. cognitive processing
• B. phonological rehearsal
• C. semantic encoding
• D. working memory

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the key terms related to memory and language processing. Cognitive processing refers to the mental actions or operations involved in acquiring, storing, and using knowledge.
2. Step 2: Recognize that phonological rehearsal is a specific process involving the repetition of verbal information to keep it in short-term memory, mainly related to the phonological loop in working memory.
3. Step 3: Identify that semantic encoding involves the process of encoding the meaning of information, which helps in long-term memory storage but is not specifically about manipulating or transforming information.
4. Step 4: Note that working memory is the system responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information, which is closely related to cognitive processing but is more specific to short-term manipulation.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the term that best describes the general process of manipulating and transforming information in memory, especially in the context of language structure, is cognitive processing.