Multiple Choice
In classical conditioning, what is the term for a stimulus that was previously neutral but becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) and elicits a response after conditioning?
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Classical Conditioning
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Acquiring a phobia is to maintaining a phobia as _____ conditioning is to _____ conditioning.
A
classical; operant
B
operant; observational
C
operant; classical
D
observational; classical
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the difference between classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning involves learning through association, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.
Step 2: Recognize that acquiring a phobia typically happens through classical conditioning, where a neutral stimulus (e.g., a dog) becomes associated with a fearful event, leading to a phobic response.
Step 3: Understand that maintaining a phobia often involves operant conditioning, where behaviors (like avoidance) are reinforced because they reduce anxiety, thus increasing the likelihood of the behavior continuing.
Step 4: Match the concepts: acquiring a phobia corresponds to classical conditioning, and maintaining a phobia corresponds to operant conditioning.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct analogy is 'classical; operant' conditioning.
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