Evaluate each expression. See Example 5. 18 - 4² + 5 - (3 - 7)
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Identify the order of operations to evaluate the expression: parentheses first, then exponents, followed by multiplication/division (if any), and finally addition/subtraction.
Evaluate the expression inside the parentheses: calculate \((3 - 7)\).
Calculate the exponent: evaluate \$4^2$.
Substitute the results from steps 2 and 3 back into the original expression, rewriting it without parentheses and with the exponent evaluated.
Perform the addition and subtraction from left to right to simplify the expression step by step.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Order of Operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS)
The order of operations dictates the sequence in which parts of a mathematical expression are evaluated: Parentheses first, then Exponents, followed by Multiplication and Division (left to right), and finally Addition and Subtraction (left to right). This ensures consistent and correct results.
Exponents represent repeated multiplication of a base number. For example, 4² means 4 multiplied by itself once, resulting in 16. Understanding how to evaluate exponents is essential before performing addition or subtraction.
Parentheses indicate that the operations inside them must be performed first. For example, in (3 - 7), subtract 7 from 3 before proceeding with other operations. This step is crucial to correctly simplify complex expressions.