Which of the following is most likely true about people who are diagnosed with neurocognitive disorders?

• A. They have hallucinations and delusions as the main symptoms.
• B. They experience a decline in cognitive functioning such as memory, attention, or language abilities.
• C. They primarily exhibit disturbances in mood and affect without cognitive impairment.
• D. They show persistent patterns of antisocial behavior beginning in childhood.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the definition of neurocognitive disorders. These disorders primarily involve a decline in cognitive functioning, which includes abilities such as memory, attention, language, and problem-solving skills.
2. Step 2: Recognize that hallucinations and delusions are more characteristic of psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, rather than neurocognitive disorders.
3. Step 3: Note that disturbances in mood and affect without cognitive impairment are typical of mood disorders like depression or bipolar disorder, not neurocognitive disorders.
4. Step 4: Identify that persistent patterns of antisocial behavior beginning in childhood are indicative of conduct disorder or antisocial personality disorder, which are different from neurocognitive disorders.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the hallmark of neurocognitive disorders is a decline in cognitive functions, making the statement about experiencing decline in memory, attention, or language abilities the most accurate.