In early childhood, executive function involves which of the following developmental advances?

• A. Significant increase in abstract reasoning skills
• B. Mastery of complex mathematical operations such as $x^2$
• C. Development of long-term episodic memory
• D. Improved ability to control impulses and focus attention

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that executive function in early childhood primarily refers to cognitive processes that enable self-regulation, such as controlling impulses and maintaining attention.
2. Recognize that abstract reasoning skills and mastery of complex mathematical operations typically develop later in childhood or adolescence, not in early childhood.
3. Note that long-term episodic memory development is important but is distinct from executive function, which is more about managing thoughts and behaviors in the moment.
4. Identify that the key developmental advance in executive function during early childhood is the improved ability to control impulses and focus attention, which supports goal-directed behavior.
5. Conclude that among the options given, the correct developmental advance related to executive function in early childhood is the improved ability to control impulses and focus attention.