In the context of cognitive psychology and AP Psychology, what does 'modeling' most accurately refer to?

• A. Solving problems using trial and error
• B. Learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others
• C. Encoding information through rote memorization
• D. Retrieving memories through the use of cues

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand that 'modeling' in cognitive psychology refers to a specific type of learning process.
2. Step 2: Recognize that modeling involves observing the behavior of others and then imitating or replicating that behavior.
3. Step 3: Differentiate modeling from other learning methods such as trial and error, rote memorization, or memory retrieval, which involve different cognitive processes.
4. Step 4: Recall that modeling is a key concept in social learning theory, emphasizing learning through social interaction and observation rather than direct experience.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the most accurate definition of 'modeling' is learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others.