Which of the following best describes the approach cognitive psychologists use to evaluate the validity of a speaker's findings based on observed behaviors?

• A. They rely on systematic observation and empirical evidence to support or refute the findings.
• B. They disregard observed behaviors and focus only on theoretical models.
• C. They accept the findings without critical analysis if the speaker is an authority.
• D. They base their agreement solely on personal intuition and anecdotal experiences.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that cognitive psychology emphasizes the scientific method, which involves careful and systematic observation of behaviors to gather data.
2. Recognize that cognitive psychologists rely on empirical evidence, meaning data obtained through observation or experimentation, to evaluate the validity of findings.
3. Know that theoretical models are important but must be supported by observable and measurable evidence rather than accepted without scrutiny.
4. Be aware that cognitive psychologists critically analyze findings regardless of the speaker's authority, avoiding acceptance based solely on reputation.
5. Conclude that the best approach is to use systematic observation and empirical evidence to either support or refute the speaker's claims, ensuring findings are valid and reliable.