Which of the following statements accurately describes the biological factors involved in emotion?

• A. The amygdala plays a key role in processing emotional responses, especially fear.
• B. Hormones such as adrenaline have no effect on emotional arousal.
• C. The prefrontal cortex is not involved in regulating emotional experiences.
• D. Emotions are solely determined by conscious thought and have no biological basis.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the role of the amygdala in emotion by recognizing that it is a brain structure critically involved in processing emotional responses, particularly fear and threat detection.
2. Step 2: Examine the influence of hormones like adrenaline on emotional arousal, noting that these hormones are part of the body's physiological response to emotions and do affect emotional intensity.
3. Step 3: Consider the function of the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in regulating and controlling emotional experiences, including decision-making and moderating social behavior.
4. Step 4: Recognize that emotions have a biological basis, involving brain structures, neurotransmitters, and hormones, and are not solely determined by conscious thought.
5. Step 5: Evaluate each statement against these biological facts to identify which accurately describes the biological factors involved in emotion.