Which of the following best describes the concept of schema in cognitive psychology?

• A. A temporary increase in neural activity due to repeated exposure to a stimulus
• B. A mental framework or structure that organizes and interprets information in the brain
• C. A process by which sensory information is converted into neural signals
• D. A technique used to improve memory by associating new information with physical movement

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand that in cognitive psychology, a schema refers to a mental framework or structure that helps organize and interpret information based on prior knowledge and experiences.
2. Step 2: Recognize that schemas allow individuals to make sense of new information by fitting it into existing cognitive structures, facilitating understanding and memory.
3. Step 3: Differentiate schemas from other concepts such as neural activity changes, sensory processing, or memory techniques, which are distinct psychological processes.
4. Step 4: Review the provided options and identify that the correct description of a schema is the one that refers to a mental framework organizing and interpreting information.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the best choice is the option describing a schema as a mental framework or structure that organizes and interprets information in the brain.