Alright this ratio is related to our ap turnover. It's our days payable outstanding. So the days payable outstanding. It helps us analyze how long a dollar sits in a. P. So how long were able to, oh this dollar before we have to pay it back before being paid back. Right? So You can imagine we might want to hold on to be able to have that dollar in ap as long as possible right? Because that's almost interest free loans right? They don't charge us interest on our ap if they give us 30 days to pay 60 days to pay it's not like they say okay after 60 days you also have to pay interest. No with these accounts payable they're just saying pay us in 60 days right no interest involved. So you can imagine it might be nice to be able to hold on to these a little longer. So the days payable outstanding. It's a common efficiency ratio and like I said it's related to the ap turnover. So let's go over that real quick and then calculate days payable outstanding. So first we've got a p. Turnover and remember that in the numerator we've got purchases or cogs. And generally we're gonna deal with cogs in the numerator divided by our average ap every time we deal with an average that's gonna be the beginning balance plus the ending balance divided by two regardless of what account it is right? That's how we calculate our average balance. So once we've calculated our ap turnover we can use that number to calculate our D. P. O. R. Days payable outstanding. So in the numerator we're gonna have 365 for 365 days. And we're gonna divide that by the ap turnover that we had just calculated. Cool. So what does this tell us? Well it's gonna give us a number of days right? This is gonna tell us a number of days and that's how long that that dollar that we owe is sitting in accounts payable on average before we pay it back. So it's a number of days and in different industries while there's going to be different credit terms depending on the industry, maybe you have some leverage with your suppliers and you're able to uh oh them the money longer whatever it is you're gonna use benchmarking and you're gonna check against your competitors. You're gonna check against the industry average for what your D. P. O. Is. Right? So when you've got a lower D. P. O. Right? This is a lower amount of days. It implies strong liquidity right? Because you're able to pay off your suppliers quickly if your D. P. O. Is 10 days. Well that means you you buy something and you're able to pay it off in 10 days compared to you know a 50 day 60 day D. P. Oh well that means it takes you a lot longer to pay that that might imply worse liquidity. And a creditor is going to pay attention to that when they loan you money compare that to a higher D. P. O. When you've got a higher D. P. O. Well it implies that it's taking you longer to pay, right? It's taking you 50 days 60 rather than 10. That's a higher D. P. O. But like I said it could mean you have leverage with your suppliers, right? Maybe you're some giant like amazon or uh walmart and you have leverage because you you own so much of the market that you can modify the credit terms based on what you want because you have that kind of power in the market. Okay. So D. P. O. It could be good or bad. Right? Low or high. It could mean different things. So this could be nice information when you're doing an analysis project. Alright. Let's go ahead and we'll do an example together and then we then you guys can practice one. Alright let's do that now.
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example
Days Payable Outstanding (DPO)
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Alright let's try this one together. X. Y. Z. Company had net sales of 500,000 and cogs of 320,000. The beginning balance of ap was 60,000 ending balance in a P. Was 100,000. What is the D. P. O. Days payable outstanding? Alright so remember the first thing we wanna do is calculate our ap turnover and then we're going to do then we can calculate R. D. P. O. All right. So the first thing we want to do is find a. P. Turnover and that is our cogs divided by our average ap. Right So the first thing I like to do is sold for that average ap balance which is gonna be our denominator in our ap turnover. So we've got 60,000 Plus 100,000. Right? Beginning balance plus ending balance divided by two. That comes out to 80,000. That's going to be our denominator in our ap turnover. Right? That's not gonna get us to our answer yet. So let's first calculate our ap turnover and then we can get to our answer through the D. P. O. So what's our numerator? Well net sales we don't use at all in this question. Right? That's extraneous. Our numerator is gonna be cogs right. It's either purchases or cogs. Well if they only give us cogs that's going to be what we use here. If they give you both purchases is probably the better thing to use in the in the numerator. Uh But cogs is all we've got here. So 320,000 divided by 80,000. Which we just calculated as our average ap that's gonna give us four as our ap turnover. Right? So that's our ap turnover. We're not done yet now we've got to calculate our D. P. O. So D. P. O. Remember all we gotta do is 365 in the numerator divided by R. A. P. Turnover of four. And that's gonna come out to approximately here 91 days. Right? So that means that every time we we have accounts payable that we're allowed to pay someone later it takes us 91 days to pay them back. All right. So that could be a good thing or a bad thing right? It could be a bad thing for a creditor. They're like hey 91 days. That's quite a long time. But maybe you have leverage in the market and you're able to say hey I'm not gonna pay you for 90 days and there's nothing you can do about it because you have so much market power. Right? Either way that's the answer here, 91 days. Let's go ahead and move on to the next one.
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Problem
ABC Company had $200,000 in Net Sales and Gross Profit of $80,000. If AP had a balance of $60,000, what is the DPO ratio?