What type of effect does alcohol have on the nervous system?

• A. Alcohol primarily affects neurons of the peripheral nervous system.
• B. Alcohol primarily affects outgoing nerve fibers of the sensory organs.
• C. Alcohol is a depressant, decreasing activity in the central nervous system.
• D. Alcohol is a stimulant, increasing activity in the central nervous system.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the nervous system components: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all other neural elements.
2. Step 2: Recognize the role of alcohol as a psychoactive substance: Alcohol acts on the brain and nervous system, influencing neural activity and neurotransmitter function.
3. Step 3: Identify the type of effect alcohol has: Alcohol is classified as a depressant, meaning it slows down or decreases neural activity rather than stimulating it.
4. Step 4: Focus on the central nervous system: Alcohol primarily decreases activity in the CNS, leading to effects such as impaired coordination, slowed reaction times, and reduced cognitive function.
5. Step 5: Differentiate from other options: Alcohol does not primarily affect the peripheral nervous system or sensory nerve fibers, nor does it act as a stimulant increasing CNS activity.