"[NW] Chew Your Food Researchers wanted to determine the assoc...

Question

"[NW] Chew Your Food Researchers wanted to determine the association between number of times one chews food and food consumption. They identified 45 individuals who were 18 to 45 years of age. First, the researchers determined a baseline for number of chews before swallowing food. Next, each participant attended three sessions to eat pizza for lunch until comfortably full by chewing each portion of food 100%, 150%, and 200% of their baseline number of chews before swallowing. Food intake for each of the three chewing treatments was then measured. It was found that food consumption was reduced significantly, by 9.5% and 14.8%, respectively, for the 150% and 200% number of chews compared to the baseline. Source: Yong Zhu and James H. Hollis. “Increasing the Number of Chews before Swallowing Reduces Meal Size in Normal-Weight, Overweight, and Obese Adults,” Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 11 November 2013.

What is the research objective of the study?"

What is the research objective of the study?"

Accepted Answer

Hello there. Today we are going to solve the following practice from together. So first off, let us read the problem and highlight all the key pieces of information that we need to use in order to solve this problem. Researchers recruited 40 adults ages 18 to 45. Each participant ate oatmeal for 3 days, were instructed to take normal 25% slower and 50% slower bite rates in a random order. Food intake in units of grams was reported each day. What is the research objective of this study? OK, so it appears for this particular problem we're given a scenario, and in this scenario we have researchers who recruited 40 adults of a different age range, and they asked each participant to eat oatmeal for 3 days, and they were instructed to take normal 25% slower and 50% slower bites, all in a random order. And the food intake was recorded for each day, and we're asked to take this information and determine what is the research objective of this particular study. So now that we know what we're ultimately trying to solve for, let's read off our multiple choice answers to see what our final answer might be. A is to compare oatmeal flavors preferred by adults. B is to determine whether slower bite rate reduces food intake. C to estimate the average daily calorie needs of adults, D to assess long-term weight change from oatmeal diets. OK. So This problem is more of a thought-based problem, so we need to approach it from a logical standpoint. So let us look at the problem description itself once again. So once again, we can tell by looking at the problem itself, the most important, the key pieces of information that we are dealing with, is that we're told that each participant ate oatmeal for 3 days, and specifically they were instructed to take normal bites, 25% slower bites, and 50% slower bites. In a random order, and then we are told that the researchers, after telling the participants to Go at a normal chewing rate and then slowing it down some. They were asked. So once they ask the participants, you know, to chew at a certain pace by eating, chewing. The food intake was so once again, the food intake in units of grams was recorded for each day. So based on these key elements, since we're told that they were focused on the food intake, and they were told to take normal 25% slower and 50% slower bite rates. We need to be able to recognize that based on this information, the study manipulates bite rate, which is the explanatory treatment, which we need to note that they're told to take normal 25% slower and 50% slower bites, and then after, after this, they measured the food intake in units of grams, which would be the response. So let's make a note of that. So this is important key information, so the. Food Intake, so the food intake is equal to the response. Whereas the bite rate, so once again we have this bite rate. And the bite rate. is equal to the explanatory, the explanatory, so explanatory. Slash treatment. So this is the explanatory slash treatment approach in this particular experiment. So, with that in mind, we need to note that it's very clear that the objective is to see if slower bite rate changes the overall food intake. So that will mean that our final answer, without a doubt, will be multiple choice answer letter B, which once again is to determine. Whether slower bite rate reduces food intake. And this is our correct and final answer. We can eliminate the other multiple choice answers because multiple choice answer A is focused on oatmeal flavors. The flavor of the oatmeal wasn't even mentioned at all on this particular prompt, so we can eliminate it. And calorie intake as multiple choice sensor letter C is focused on calorie needs. Calories were not even mentioned at all in this particular problem description. And as well, the same, a similar situation for multiple choice answer letter D. There was no mention of weight change based off of an oatmeal diet, so weight wasn't the main focus of this problem, so we can eliminate multiple choice answer letter D. So once again, our final answer without a doubt will be multiple choice answer letter B. Thank you so much for watching. Hopefully that helped, and I can't wait to see you in the next video. Bye.

Key Concepts

Research Objective

Experimental Design

Measurement of Outcomes

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