Gas Hike The average per gallon price for regular unleaded gasoline in the United States rose from \$1.46 in 2001 to \$2.77 in 2018.


Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration


a. Construct a graphic that is not misleading to depict this situation.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Identify the key data points to be represented in the graphic. Here, you have two values: the average price per gallon of regular unleaded gasoline in 2001 (\$1.46) and in 2018 (\$2.77).
2. Step 2: Choose an appropriate type of graph to clearly show the change over time. A simple bar chart or a line graph with two points (2001 and 2018) would be effective and straightforward.
3. Step 3: Set the vertical axis (y-axis) to represent the price per gallon. Make sure the scale starts at zero to avoid exaggerating the difference between the two prices, which helps prevent a misleading visual impression.
4. Step 4: Label the horizontal axis (x-axis) with the years 2001 and 2018, and clearly label the y-axis with the price in dollars. Include a descriptive title for the graph, such as 'Average Price per Gallon of Regular Unleaded Gasoline in the U.S. (2001 vs 2018)'.
5. Step 5: Plot the two data points accurately according to their values and connect them if using a line graph, or display two bars of appropriate heights if using a bar chart. This visual will clearly show the increase in price without distortion.

Key Concepts

Data Visualization Principles

Data visualization principles guide the creation of clear and accurate graphics that represent data truthfully. This includes choosing appropriate chart types, scales, and labels to avoid misleading interpretations. For example, using a consistent scale on the y-axis prevents exaggeration of changes in gasoline prices.

Scale and Axis Manipulation

Understanding scale and axis manipulation is crucial to avoid distorting data trends. Proper scaling ensures that the visual differences in data points reflect actual differences in values. For instance, starting the y-axis at zero is often necessary to provide context and prevent exaggeration of price increases.

Time Series Data Representation

Time series data representation involves plotting data points collected over time to show trends or changes. In this case, showing gasoline prices from 2001 to 2018 requires a line graph or bar chart that accurately reflects the progression over years. This helps viewers understand the trend without misinterpretation.