Which of the following best describes the role of genetically engineered bacteria in the production of alternative fuels?

• A. They are designed to break down plastics into reusable monomers.
• B. They are modified to express enzymes that convert biomass into biofuels such as ethanol or biodiesel.
• C. They are engineered to increase the efficiency of solar panels.
• D. They are used to directly extract fossil fuels from underground reserves.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of genetically engineered bacteria in biotechnology, focusing on their ability to produce useful substances through metabolic processes.
2. Recognize that alternative fuels like ethanol and biodiesel are often produced from biomass, which consists of organic materials such as plant matter.
3. Identify that genetically engineered bacteria can be modified to express specific enzymes that break down complex biomass into simpler molecules that can be converted into biofuels.
4. Compare the options given and note that bacteria breaking down plastics or increasing solar panel efficiency do not directly relate to biofuel production.
5. Conclude that the best description is bacteria engineered to express enzymes converting biomass into biofuels, as this aligns with their role in producing alternative fuels.