36. Special Relativity

Special Vs. Galilean Relativity

What is relativity all about?

Relativistic Addition of Velocity | Special Relativity Ch. 6

 Sam is cruising in his spaceship moving at <math display=“inline”><mrow><mn>0.9</mn><mi>c</mi></mrow></math>. Suzy is directly in front of Sam and is at rest. Suzy flashes her headlights at Sam, hoping he will slow down. According to Sam, how fast is the light from Suzy’s headlights moving as it approaches him? 

 Jill can throw a ball at a speed of 80 mph, consistently, on the ground. She gets into the back of a truck, which drives down the road in the <math display=“inline”><mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi><mtext>-direction</mtext></mrow></math> direction at 30 mph. Jill faces the back of the truck and throws a ball. According to Galilean relativity, what is the <math display=“inline”><mrow><mi>x</mi><mtext>-component</mtext></mrow></math> component of the velocity of the ball relative to the ground? 

Special Relativity Part 1: From Galileo to Einstein

 The two lights flash simultaneously in the Earth’s reference frame. 

 The two lights do not flash simultaneously in the Earth’s reference frame; the front light flashes first. 

 There is not enough information to answer. 

 The two lights do not flash simultaneously in the Earth’s reference frame; the back light flashes first. 

 Olive the astronaut is flying her spaceship back home to earth at <math display=“inline”><mrow><mn>0.9</mn><mi>c</mi></mrow></math>. Her spaceship has lights on it; one at the front of her ship, and one at the back of the ship. Olive notes that the two lights flash simultaneously. Are they simultaneous according to an Earth-based observer? If not, which one blinked first? 

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