Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the events that characterize each phase.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by identifying the main phases of the cell cycle: Interphase (which includes G1, S, and G2 phases) and the Mitotic (M) phase.
2. Describe the G1 phase (Gap 1) as the period of cell growth where the cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.
3. Explain the S phase (Synthesis) as the phase where DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes to prepare for cell division.
4. Outline the G2 phase (Gap 2) as the final preparation phase where the cell continues to grow and produces proteins required for mitosis, while also checking for DNA replication errors.
5. Detail the M phase (Mitosis) as the phase where the cell undergoes nuclear division followed by cytokinesis, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells; include the subphases of mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and their key events.

Key Concepts

Phases of the Cell Cycle

The cell cycle consists of distinct phases: G1 (cell growth), S (DNA synthesis), G2 (preparation for mitosis), and M (mitosis and cytokinesis). These phases ensure proper cell growth, DNA replication, and division into two daughter cells.

Events in Interphase

Interphase includes G1, S, and G2 phases, where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for mitosis. During S phase, DNA replication occurs, ensuring each daughter cell receives an identical genome.

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Mitosis is the process of nuclear division, consisting of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, leading to equal chromosome segregation. Cytokinesis follows, dividing the cytoplasm and completing cell division.