What is a plasmid?

• A. A linear RNA molecule found in certain bacteria and plants
• B. Protein that is transferred between bacteria
• C. A small circular DNA found in bacteria
• D. A nutrient that bacteria need to grow

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definition of a plasmid: A plasmid is a small, circular DNA molecule that is separate from the chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently within a bacterial cell.
2. Recognize the characteristics of plasmids: They are typically found in bacteria, but can also be present in some archaea and eukaryotic organisms. Plasmids are not linear RNA molecules or proteins.
3. Identify the function of plasmids: Plasmids often carry genes that may benefit the survival of the organism, such as antibiotic resistance genes.
4. Differentiate plasmids from other genetic elements: Unlike chromosomal DNA, plasmids are not essential for the basic survival of the host cell but can provide advantageous traits.
5. Consider the applications of plasmids: In genetic engineering, plasmids are used as vectors to introduce new genes into organisms, making them a valuable tool in biotechnology.