Which of the following best represents an empirical probability?

• A. The probability of getting heads is calculated by flipping a coin 100 times and observing that heads appears 48 times, so the probability is $\frac{48}{100}$.
• B. The probability of rain tomorrow is estimated by a meteorologist using a weather model.
• C. The probability of drawing a red card from a standard deck is $\frac{26}{52}$.
• D. The probability of rolling a 3 on a fair six-sided die is $\frac{1}{6}$.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that empirical probability is based on actual observed data or experiments, rather than theoretical calculations or models.
2. Identify the scenario where probability is calculated by performing an experiment or observation multiple times and recording the outcomes.
3. Look for the example where the probability is found by dividing the number of times an event occurred by the total number of trials, i.e., \(\frac{\text{number of favorable outcomes}}{\text{total number of trials}}\).
4. Recognize that the example with flipping a coin 100 times and observing 48 heads fits this definition, as it uses observed data to estimate probability.
5. Contrast this with theoretical probabilities, which are calculated based on known possible outcomes without actual experimentation, such as the probability of drawing a red card or rolling a 3 on a fair die.