Why did Thomas Hunt Morgan choose fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) for his genetic studies?

• A. They are genetically identical to humans.
• B. They require complex and expensive care.
• C. They have only one chromosome.
• D. They have a short generation time and produce many offspring.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the importance of model organisms in genetics: Scientists choose organisms that are easy to study and provide clear genetic results.
2. Consider the characteristics of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies): They have a short generation time, meaning they reproduce quickly, allowing many generations to be studied in a short period.
3. Note that fruit flies produce a large number of offspring, which increases the sample size for genetic experiments and helps in observing inheritance patterns clearly.
4. Recognize that fruit flies have a relatively simple genome with only four pairs of chromosomes, making it easier to track genetic traits.
5. Conclude that these features—short generation time, many offspring, and manageable chromosome number—make fruit flies ideal for genetic studies, unlike the incorrect options provided.