Translation is the synthesis of which biological macromolecule?

• A. RNA
• B. Proteins
• C. Lipids
• D. DNA

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that translation is a key process in gene expression where the information encoded in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to build a specific biological macromolecule.
2. Recall that the central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information: DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into a protein.
3. Recognize that during translation, ribosomes read the sequence of codons in mRNA and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which folds into a functional protein.
4. Note that RNA itself is not synthesized during translation; rather, it serves as the template for protein synthesis.
5. Conclude that the biological macromolecule synthesized during translation is proteins.