An individual heterozygous for a reciprocal translocation has the following chromosomes. Which chromosomes do the gametes receive after alternative segregation? 
A B • C D E F G                        J K • L M N O P 
A B • C D N O P                       J K • L M E F G 

• A. A B • C D E F G and J K • L M E F G
• B. A B • C D N O P and J K • L M E F G
• C. A B • C D N O P and J K • L M N O P

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of reciprocal translocation, which involves the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes.
2. Recognize that in a heterozygous individual for a reciprocal translocation, chromosomes can segregate in different ways during meiosis, leading to different combinations in gametes.
3. Identify the two types of segregation: alternate and adjacent. In alternate segregation, non-homologous centromeres go to opposite poles, resulting in balanced gametes.
4. Examine the given chromosomes: A B • C D E F G and J K • L M N O P, and A B • C D N O P and J K • L M E F G.
5. Determine that after alternative segregation, the gametes receive the chromosomes A B • C D N O P and J K • L M E F G, as these represent a balanced set of genetic material.