Which of the following best describes electrolytes?

• A. Minerals that work with enzymes to catalyze reactions.
• B. Metallic minerals that are dissolved in body fluids.
• C. Elements found on the periodic table that are essential nutrients.
• D. Electrically charged ions dissolved in body fluids.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'electrolytes': Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, allowing them to conduct electricity. These ions are essential for various physiological functions in the body.
2. Identify the key characteristics of electrolytes: They are electrically charged ions (positive or negative) that are dissolved in body fluids, such as sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), chloride (Cl⁻), and calcium (Ca²⁺).
3. Eliminate incorrect options: The first option mentions minerals working with enzymes, which describes cofactors, not electrolytes. The second option mentions metallic minerals, which is too vague and not specific to electrolytes. The third option refers to elements on the periodic table, which is not specific to the ionic nature of electrolytes.
4. Focus on the correct description: The correct answer highlights that electrolytes are electrically charged ions dissolved in body fluids, which aligns with their role in maintaining fluid balance, nerve signaling, and muscle function.
5. Conclude with the correct answer: The best description of electrolytes is 'Electrically charged ions dissolved in body fluids,' as it accurately captures their chemical and physiological properties.