7. Energy and Metabolism

Enzyme Binding Factors

Critique the following statement: The absence of a trait cannot be used as a synapomorphy in phylogenetic analysis; only shared derived traits that are present in the clade can be used.

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by                   .
a. heating cells;
b. binding to substrates and placing stress on their bonds;
c. changing the shape of the cell;
d. supplying energy to the substrate

 The substrate can be altered so that it is induced to fit into the enzyme's active site. 

 No. The substrate does not change to induce a fit into the active site. 

 The enzyme structure is altered so that it can be induced to fit many different types of substrate. 

 No. Each enzyme recognizes a specific substrate or a specific type of substrate. 

 The presence of the substrate in solution induces the enzyme to slightly change its structure. 

 No. A substrate free in solution has no effect on the structure of the enzyme. There must be a closer interaction for structural changes to occur. 

 The shape of the active site is nearly perfect for specifically binding the enzyme's substrate or substrates. 

 No. This is a true statement, but it has nothing directly to do with induced fit, which refers to changes in the structure of the active site. 

 The enzyme changes its shape slightly as the substrate binds to it. 

Consider what induced means.

What is meant by the "induced fit" of an enzyme?

How Enzymes Work (from PDB-101)

A Level Biology Revision "Cofactors, Coenzymes and Prosthetic Groups"

Cofactors

The organic non-protein components that aid in enzyme catalysis are called:a) Reactants.b) Cofactors.c) Coenzymes.d) Substrates.e) Products.

Enzyme Examples, Cofactors/Coenzymes, Inhibitors, and Feedback Inhibition

Coenzymes, Cofactors & Prosthetic Groups  Function and Interactions

Co-factors, co-enzymes, and vitamins | MCAT | Khan Academy

Enzyme Substrate Complex

Use the fossil evidence shown in Figure 25.6 to determine whether flight evolved earlier in insects or in birds. Is flight an example of homology or convergent evolution? Explain. <IMAGE>

Cofactors, Lock-and-Key and Induced Fit Model

what is Enzyme Substrate Complex

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

ENZYMES (1/2) - Definition/Cofactors/Models

Enzyme Cofactors: Essential Ions

Enzyme kinetics

Which of the following is an example of homoplasy?
a. hair in humans and fur in mice
b. astragalus ankle bones in hippos and deer
c. Hox genes in humans and flies
d. streamlined bodies in dolphins and ichthyosaurs

Biology- Lock and Key Model of Enzyme

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1. Introduction to Biology

2. Chemistry

3. Water

4. Biomolecules

5. Cell Components

6. The Membrane

8. Respiration

9. Photosynthesis

10. Cell Signaling

11. Cell Division

12. Meiosis

13. Mendelian Genetics

14. DNA Synthesis

15. Gene Expression

16. Regulation of Expression

17. Viruses

18. Biotechnology

19. Genomics

20. Development

21. Evolution by Natural Selection

22. Evolution of Populations

23. Speciation

24. History of Life on Earth

25. Phylogeny

26. Prokaryotes

27. Protists

28. Plants

29. Fungi

30. Overview of Animals

31. Invertebrates

32. Vertebrates

33. Plant Anatomy

34. Vascular Plant Transport

35. Soil

36. Plant Reproduction

37. Plant Sensation and Response

38. Animal Form and Function

39. Digestive System

40. Circulatory System

41. Immune System

42. Osmoregulation and Excretion

43. Endocrine System

44. Animal Reproduction

45. Nervous System

46. Sensory Systems

47. Muscle Systems

48. Ecology

49. Animal Behavior

50. Population Ecology

51. Community Ecology

52. Ecosystems

53. Conservation Biology

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