Which of the following is the primary function of Hox genes in animals?

• A. They determine the rate of cellular respiration.
• B. They control the body plan and the identity of body segments during development.
• C. They regulate the process of DNA replication.
• D. They are responsible for the repair of damaged DNA.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that Hox genes are a group of related genes that control the body plan of an embryo along the head-tail axis.
2. Recognize that the primary role of Hox genes is to specify the identity and arrangement of body segments during early development in animals.
3. Note that Hox genes do not directly influence cellular respiration, DNA replication, or DNA repair processes.
4. Recall that mutations in Hox genes can lead to changes in segment identity, demonstrating their role in developmental patterning.
5. Conclude that the correct function of Hox genes is to control the body plan and the identity of body segments during development.