Renal Physiology Step 1: Glomerular Filtration Practice Problems

A positive net filtration pressure (NFP) in the capillaries favors filtration over which of the following?

Which of the following capillaries are derived from and drain into arterioles?

The podocytes in the glomerulus are characterized by:

The movement of specific substances from blood into filtrate is called:

Which of the following is/are not present in the glomerular filtrate?

Which of the following inhibits filtrate formation by opposing hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries?

Which of the following statements about glomerular filtration is incorrect?

Which of the following states the effect of the reabsorption of water on the filtrate as it progresses through the proximal convoluted tubule?

Which of the following processes is critical for removing substances that are not already present in the filtrate?

Which of the following renal tubules accepts the filtrate from glomerular filtration?

Which part of the filtration membrane can contract to assist in controlling the rate of glomerular filtration?

Which of the following substances cannot pass through the filtration membrane during the glomerular filtration process?

Which statement is incorrect about the glomerular filtration rate (GFR):

Identify the pressure that tries to push water into the glomerular capillaries and opposes filtration.

The transcellular route facilitates the transfer of solutes through a cell. How does the paracellular route move solutes:

The glomerular filtration rate would be expected to decrease in the presence of:

Choose which statement is incorrect:

I. In hypotensive patients the GFR is expected to be low

II. The kidneys are only sensitive to high blood pressure

III. Renin is an enzyme that is released when the blood pressure is too low

Which of the following findings in urinalysis is most likely indicative of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

What is diabetes insipidus characterized by?

Which conditions are often associated with aldosterone-induced hypertension?

What is the most prevalent symptom of ureteropelvic junction stones?

Anemia is a common complication of kidney failure. It is characterized by:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of normal urine?

Which of the following substances is commonly used to measure renal clearance?

Which of the following conditions could lead to elevated urobilinogen in the urine?

John, a 45-year-old man, has been experiencing intense back and abdominal pain and frequent urination. Upon checking, he found some hard deposits in his urine which cause severe pain when they pass through the urinary tract.
Which of the following urinary problems is John most likely experiencing?

Sarah, a 30-year-old woman, is experiencing frequent and urgent urination. She finds herself needing to empty her bladder more often than usual and sometimes struggles to hold her urine until she reaches the bathroom. She also notices a sudden and strong urge to urinate, even when her bladder is not full.

Which of the following best describes the condition Sarah is experiencing?

An abnormally low urinary output between 100 and 400 ml/day is called:

Which of the following age groups is most prone to incontinence?