Which of the following describes a bacterium that lives in the human intestine and causes disease? (A)commensalist (B)decomposer (C)gut mutualist (D)symbiotic pathogen

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the relationship between the bacterium and the human host. In this case, the bacterium lives in the human intestine and causes disease, indicating a harmful relationship.
2. Understand the definitions of the terms provided in the options. Commensalism involves one organism benefiting while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. Decomposers break down dead organic matter. Mutualists involve a relationship where both organisms benefit.
3. Determine which term describes a relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of the other, which in this case is the human host.
4. Recognize that the term 'symbiotic' refers to organisms living in close physical association. When combined with 'pathogen,' it refers to a disease-causing organism living in symbiosis, harming the host.
5. Conclude that the correct answer must describe a harmful symbiotic relationship, which fits the description of the bacterium in the question.

Key Concepts

Pathogen

A pathogen is an organism that causes disease in its host. In the context of bacteria, pathogens can invade the host's tissues, evade the immune system, and produce toxins, leading to various health issues. Understanding the role of pathogens is crucial for identifying harmful bacteria in the human body.

Symbiosis

Symbiosis refers to the interaction between two different organisms living in close physical proximity, which can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful. In this case, a symbiotic pathogen is a type of organism that lives in a host and causes disease, highlighting the complex relationships that can exist between bacteria and humans.

Gut Microbiome

The gut microbiome consists of trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, that reside in the human intestine. While many gut bacteria are beneficial and aid in digestion and immunity, some can be pathogenic. Understanding the balance of these microorganisms is essential for recognizing how certain bacteria can lead to disease.