Which genetic principle is fundamental to the modern synthesis of genetics and evolution?

• A. Blending inheritance of traits
• B. The inheritance of acquired characteristics
• C. The concept of gene mutation as a source of genetic variation
• D. Lamarckian use and disuse of organs

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the modern synthesis of genetics and evolution integrates Mendelian genetics with Darwinian natural selection.
2. Recall that blending inheritance and Lamarckian inheritance were early theories that have been disproven or replaced in modern genetics.
3. Recognize that the modern synthesis emphasizes the role of genetic variation as the raw material for evolution.
4. Identify that gene mutations are a primary source of new genetic variation within populations.
5. Conclude that the fundamental genetic principle in the modern synthesis is the concept of gene mutation as a source of genetic variation.