12. The Central Nervous System

Introduction to the Central Nervous System Practice Problems

12. The Central Nervous System

Introduction to the Central Nervous System Practice Problems

95 problems

Neurons require protein synthesis for the maintenance and functioning of their cellular components. Hence, their neuron body has which organelle?

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The axonal transport and electrical impulse generation of the axon need ATP. Therefore, it should contain which organelle?

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Axon hillock is a region of the neuron that is crucial for:

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Which of the following statements about axons is true?

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The structure that receives signals from the upstream neurons and passes these signals to the cell body is called:

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The presence of this structure allows myelinated neurons to conduct nerve impulses more rapidly and efficiently than unmyelinated neurons.

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Choose which statement is false regarding the nervous system:

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The following are the importance of the cell body in axon regeneration, except:

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The central nervous system governs the following:

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Determine which statement about the human brain is correct:

I. Humans can only use 10% of their brain

II. The human brain cannot feel pain

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The thalamus and hypothalamus are the two components of which part of the brain?

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The left and right lateral ventricles are situated within their respective hemispheres of the:

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The component of basal nuclei where the caudate nucleus and putamen are located is called:

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Which of the following parts of the brain is matched incorrectly to the physiological functions they regulate?

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What is the outermost layer of the cranial meninges that is composed of dense irregular connective tissue?

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The majority of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by the specialized tissue known as the choroid plexus which is located in the brain's:

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The contractile cells along the blood vessels that interact with endothelial cells and astrocytes, contributing to the regulation of blood flow and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, is called:

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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for transmitting motor commands to the body, relaying sensory information back to the brain, and coordinating reflexes:

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The spinal cord extends from the base of the skull through which foramen:

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Choose which statement/s is correct regarding the brain and spinal cord:

I. The dura, arachnoid and pia mater surround the brain and spinal cord.

II. Anesthesia given to women in labor is injected into the arachnoid mater.

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The posterior horn of the spinal grey matter contains:

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The pars reticulata which is situated in the ventrolateral region of the substantia nigra, primarily consists of inhibitory neurons called:

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The cerebellum also known as the little brain is responsible for:

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The basal ganglia is known for controlling:

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A damaged cerebellum will manifest with which symptom/s:

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Which of the following parts of the CNS regulates the basic functions of life such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure?

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The reticular formation is involved in the following functions except:

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Which of the following does not describe stage N3 sleep?

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A problem in the Wernicke's area may lead to which of the following?

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Which of the following is not involved in the processing of declarative memories?

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Which of the following is characterized by having a small almond-shaped structure within the brain's temporal lobe and is a key player in emotional processing?

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Orexins are involved in the regulation of the following, except:

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Severe damage of the spinal cord at the cervical level would cause:

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The prefrontal cortex of the brain performs certain complex functions. Which of the following statements describes the effects of damage to this area?

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Lateralization of cortical functioning refers to the specialization of the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain in performing certain cognitive functions. In which of the following functions the right cerebral hemisphere is specialized?

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Which of the following structure of the neuron is responsible for maintaining cell shape and integrity?

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Identify which of the following is matched correctly.

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Which of the following correctly describes a tract in the central nervous system (CNS)?

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Which neuroglial cells exhibit flexible shapes that can change, especially after engulfing foreign bodies?

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Which type of neurons are found within the central nervous system and act as an intermediary and integrate information between sensory neurons and motor neurons?

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Astrocytes are star-shaped cells that provide structural and metabolic support to:

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Which of the following best describes the role of microglia within the CNS?

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Which of the following functions is not associated with interneurons?

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Which organelle is lacking in most neurons, preventing them from dividing?

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In which of the following stages of sleep is irregular EEG with sleep spindles observed?

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Identify which of the following connects the cerebellum to medulla oblongata.

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A tiger is following its prey in order to hunt it. Which of the following areas of the brain coordinates its eye movements when following prey?

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Identify the incorrectly matched pair.

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A chronic alcoholic complains of disturbance in muscle coordination. Which area of his brain is primarily affected?

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Which of the following parts of the brain houses the body's biological clock?

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The thalamus acts as a filter for incoming sensory information, selectively relaying signals to the:

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Which small endocrine gland, located in the epithalamus, is responsible for producing and secreting the hormone melatonin?

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The decussation of pyramidal tracts primarily occurs in which brain region?

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Which structure is located in the midbrain and is part of the basal ganglia system?

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All sensory information from your body must be processed through your thalamus before being sent to your brain's cerebral cortex for interpretation, except:

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Which part of the brainstem contains the respiratory centers?

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The cerebellum is a part of the hindbrain. All of the following functions are associated with the cerebellum, except:

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If an individual suffers memory loss, which of the following parts of the brain is most likely affected?

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Which of the following regions is not located in the white matter of the pons?

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The apneustic center is a pontine center responsible for:

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Which of the following nucleus types lies in the medulla oblongata and plays a crucial role in processing sensory information related to balance and spatial orientation?

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Which of the following regions of the brain coordinates rapid, automatic adjustments that maintain balance and equilibrium?

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All of the following functions are controlled by the cerebellum, except:

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John had a couple of drinks at the party, and so his wife told him that he should not drive them back home. She fears that his impaired muscular coordination can lead to a road accident. Identify the region of the brain that is responsible for muscular coordination.

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Which part of the hindbrain controls riding a bicycle?

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Which of the following processes is regulated by the coordinated actions of the hypothalamus, basal forebrain, brainstem, and thalamus?

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Which of the following processes is under the direct control of the hypothalamus?

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All of the following are functions of the limbic system, except:

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Mr. Ali was involved in an accident that resulted in a severe brain injury. He stated that, following emergency treatment, he had lost the pleasant recollections of his boyhood. As a neurophysiologist, what are your thoughts on his loss of childhood recollections?

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Which of the following statements is not true regarding the hippocampus?

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Long-term memories that fade with time and may require considerable effort to recall are called:

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Which of the following activities is not observed during non-REM sleep?

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Which of the following is not a hallmark of the capillaries that constitute the blood-brain barrier?

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The choroid plexus that forms CSF is enclosed first by the __________ and then by a layer of _________ cells that line the ventricles.

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How many layers are there in the cranial meninges?

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Which of the following produces CSF in the brain?

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Our central nervous system is protected by various structures. Identify which of the following is not one of them.

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The middle meningeal layer that resembles a cobweb is :

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When CSF is produced faster than it drains, it builds up in the ventricles, resulting in which of the following conditions?

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Identify which of the following is not a consequence of cerebrovascular accidents.

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During a stroke:

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An expanding subdural hematoma is characterized by the accumulation of blood between which two layers of the brain?

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What refers to brain damage that occurs due to a lack of oxygen and blood flow to the baby's brain during the perinatal period?

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Degeneration of neuronal activity in which of the midbrain nuclei can cause Parkinson's disease?

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Out of frustration, a caregiver aggressively shakes a crying baby, causing the infant to suffer from shaken baby syndrome. Determine which of the following is least likely to happen to the baby as a result of this incident.

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Which of the following terms describes the neural circuits in the spinal cord, brainstem, and other areas of the nervous system that produce rhythmic, repeating actions, such as walking, swimming, and breathing?

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Which of the following statements regarding spinal cord anatomy is incorrect?

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John, a 40-year-old man, suffered a head injury while playing basketball. After the incident, he had trouble coordinating his head and eye movements, which made it difficult for him to track moving objects and focus his gaze. John visited a doctor to identify the underlying cause of his visual disturbances, which include double vision and difficulty in tracking moving objects .What is the most likely cause of John's symptoms?

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Which of the following statements correctly defines convergence?

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Determine the right labeling of A through D on the spinal cord diagram below.