11. Cell Division

Organization of DNA in the Cell

What is chromatin?
a. the histone-containing protein core of the nucleosome
b. the 30-nm fiber
c. the complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus
d. the histone and non-histone proteins in eukaryotic nuclei

 No. Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein. 

 No. Centrioles are components of centrosomes. 

 No. A duplicated chromosome is composed of two chromatids. 

 No. An aster is a microtubule array that radiates from a centrosome. 

Kinetochores are located in this region.

The region of a chromosome in which the two double strands of replicated DNA are held together is called __________.

The centromere is a region at which                   .
a. sister chromatids are attached to each other;
b. metaphase chromosomes align;
c. the tips of chromosomes are found;
d. the nucleus is located

 Sister chromatids are created when DNA is replicated. 

 No. This statement is true. Sister chromatids are in fact produced when a single chromosome is replicated.  

 Sister chromatids form in the S-phase stage of the cell cycle. 

 No. This statement is true. Sister chromatids are produced during S-phase, which is when DNA replication occurs. 

 Sister chromatids are separated during mitosis. 

 No. This statement is true. Sister chromatids are separated during mitosis prior to cytokinesis. 

 Sister chromatids are attached to one another at the centromere. 

 No. This statement is true. The sisters are attached at their waists at a structure called the centromere. 

 Both of the sister chromatids end up in the same daughter cell after cytokinesis has occurred. 

Consider when and how sister chromosomes are formed.

Which of the following is false regarding sister chromatids?

The following statements are about the control of chromatin condensation. Select True or False for each.
T/F Reducing histone acetylase activity is likely to decrease gene transcription.
T/F Mutations that reduce the number of positively charged amino acids on histones should promote open chromatin.
T/F Chromatin remodeling complexes add chemical groups to histones.
T/F Adding an inhibitor of DNA methylation is likely to reduce gene transcription.

 All eukaryotic cells possess one or more chromosomes. 

 No. This is a true statement. Possession of DNA is a requirement of being a cell, and in cells DNA is organized into chromosomes. 

 Chromosomes are present throughout a cell's reproductive cycle. 

 No. This is a true statement. You are looking for a false statement. 

 Chromosomes are present even when cells are not actively synthesizing proteins. 

 No. One of the listed responses is false. 

 Chromosomes appear in an obvious form only as a cell is about to divide. 

Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of DNA complexed with proteins.

Which of the following is false in respect to eukaryotic chromosomes?

A collection of DNA and associated proteins in a cell defines the term:a) Sister Chromatids.b) Centromere.c) Chromatin.d) Chromosome.

 chromosomes become aligned during metaphase 

 No. Chromosomes align along the metaphase plate. 

 microtubules are fastened to the centrioles during anaphase 

 No. Microtubules are fastened to the kinetochore during anaphase. 

 No. The cell plate forms at a cell's equatorial plane. 

 the chromosomes are connected to the cell plate in metaphase 

 No. Chromosomes do not connect to the cell plate. 

 sister chromatids are attached to one another in prophase 

This is like a "waist" where the two sister chromatids are most closely associated.

The centromere is a region in which __________.

DNA Replication

The structures labeled Y in the image below are called:<img src="https://static.studychannel-prd.pearsonprd.tech/courses/biology/thumbnails/images/92cf6a57" class="fr-fic fr-dii">

DNA, Chromatin, Nucleosomes, Chromosomes.

Chromatin, Nucleosomes, Chromosomes, DNA.

DNA, Nucleosomes, Chromatin, Chromosomes.

Chromosomes, Chromatin, Nucleosomes, DNA.

Choose the option that correctly lists the following genetic material in a dividing cell from smallest to largest.

 No. A chromatid is one of two duplicated chromosomes. 

 No. A centromere is the narrow region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach to one another. 

 No. This is a pigment-storing organelle. 

 No. The centrosome is the organelle from which microtubules originate in animal cells. 

This term starts with the same word root as chromosome.

The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called __________.

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General Biology

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Jason Amores Sumpter

1. Introduction to Biology

2. Chemistry

3. Water

4. Biomolecules

5. Cell Components

6. The Membrane

7. Energy and Metabolism

8. Respiration

9. Photosynthesis

10. Cell Signaling

12. Meiosis

13. Mendelian Genetics

14. DNA Synthesis

15. Gene Expression

16. Regulation of Expression

17. Viruses

18. Biotechnology

19. Genomics

20. Development

21. Evolution by Natural Selection

22. Evolution of Populations

23. Speciation

24. History of Life on Earth

25. Phylogeny

26. Prokaryotes

27. Protists

28. Plants

29. Fungi

30. Overview of Animals

31. Invertebrates

32. Vertebrates

33. Plant Anatomy

34. Vascular Plant Transport

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