Anaerobic respiration ________.
a. Generates proteins for muscles to use.
b. Occurs in yeast cells only.
c. Does not use oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
d. Uses glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of anaerobic respiration: Anaerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that occurs without oxygen. It is used by certain organisms or cells when oxygen is unavailable or in limited supply.
2. Analyze the role of oxygen in cellular respiration: In aerobic respiration, oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. In anaerobic respiration, a different molecule (e.g., sulfate, nitrate, or carbon dioxide) serves as the final electron acceptor instead of oxygen.
3. Evaluate the processes involved in anaerobic respiration: Anaerobic respiration typically involves glycolysis to break down glucose into pyruvate, followed by fermentation or other pathways to regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis. The citric acid cycle and electron transport chain are not typically involved in anaerobic respiration.
4. Consider the organisms that perform anaerobic respiration: Anaerobic respiration is not limited to yeast cells. It can occur in various organisms, including certain bacteria and muscle cells under low oxygen conditions.
5. Eliminate incorrect options: Based on the above analysis, identify the correct statement about anaerobic respiration. For example, it does not generate proteins, is not exclusive to yeast cells, and does not involve the full aerobic pathway (glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain).

Key Concepts

Anaerobic Respiration

Anaerobic respiration is a metabolic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen. It allows organisms to generate energy by converting glucose into energy-rich molecules like ATP, using alternative electron acceptors instead of oxygen. This process is crucial for certain microorganisms and muscle cells during intense exercise when oxygen is scarce.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. In anaerobic conditions, the pyruvate can be further converted into lactic acid or ethanol, depending on the organism.

Final Electron Acceptor

In cellular respiration, the final electron acceptor is a molecule that receives electrons at the end of the electron transport chain. In aerobic respiration, this is typically oxygen, while in anaerobic respiration, other molecules such as sulfate or nitrate may serve this role. The choice of electron acceptor significantly influences the efficiency and byproducts of the respiration process.