In a macroeconomic context, which of the following best describes the concept of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

• A. The total amount of money in circulation within a country's economy
• B. The total value of all goods and services produced by a country's citizens, regardless of location
• C. The total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a given period
• D. The sum of all government spending and investment in an economy

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures economic activity within a country's borders over a specific time period, typically a year or a quarter.
2. Step 2: Recognize that GDP includes the market value of all final goods and services produced domestically, meaning it excludes intermediate goods to avoid double counting.
3. Step 3: Differentiate GDP from Gross National Product (GNP), which accounts for production by a country's citizens regardless of location, whereas GDP focuses strictly on location within the country.
4. Step 4: Note that GDP is not simply the total amount of money circulating in the economy, nor is it just government spending and investment; it encompasses all final goods and services produced.
5. Step 5: Summarize that the best description of GDP is the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a given period.