4. Water

A solution in which water is the solvent is called a(n) _______________ solution.

a) Polar.

b) Aqueous.

c) Hydrophobic.

d)  Complete.

The substance in a mixture that is dissolved is called the:

a) Solution.

b) Solvent.

c) Solute.

d) Aqueous solution.

What is the charge of the solute molecule in the image below based on the polarity of water?

a) Positively charged.

b) Negatively charged.

c) Uncharged.

d) Non-polar and hydrophobic.

The components of a heterogenous solution are ________________ distributed throughout.

a) Equally. 

b) Unequally.

c) Uniformly.

Hydrophobic molecules:

a) Are polar covalent molecules.

b) Easily dissolve in water.

c) Are nonpolar water 'fearing' molecules. 

d) Are nonpolar water 'loving' molecules.

Determine the following:

a. The molarity of a solution with 0.5 moles of glucose per liter of water.

b. The concentration (in weight/volume percent) of a solution that contains 20 grams of sodium chloride per liter of water.

c. The concentration (in mg/dL) of a solution with 1 gram of lactic acid per 100 mL of solution.

d. The molarity of a solution with 1 mmol of solute in 1 L of water.

Explain how the polarity of water molecules makes water an excellent solvent.